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Discoverability surfaces
A large, broadly-trained neural network that serves as a base for downstream fine-tuning, prompting, or RAG. Term coined by Stanford CRFM in 2021. Modern foundation models include the GPT series (OpenAI), Claude (Anthropic), Gemini (Google), Llama (Meta), Mistral (Mistral AI), and Qwen (Alibaba). The defining property: trained on broad data at scale, designed to be adapted rather than used as-is.
Programmatic SEO, AEO, GEO, AIO, and the schemas behind them.
A content strategy that generates hundreds or thousands of search-optimized pages from structured data using templates.
The practice of structuring website content so that AI assistants and large language models (LLMs) can accurately cite it when answering user questions.
An open protocol that allows websites to notify search engines (Bing, Yandex, Seznam, Naver, and others) about new or updated content in real time.
Structuring content so that answer engines — Google's People-Also-Ask, Reddit pull-quotes, Quora top answers, ChatGPT search results, Perplexity citations — can extract a complete, self-contained answer in 40–80 words.
The subset of GEO/AEO targeted specifically at Google's AI Overviews (formerly SGE).
A Schema.
JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data — the W3C-standard syntax for embedding structured data in web pages.
A Schema.
This definition is published under CC BY 4.0. Cite as:
The Data Nerd. "Foundation Model." VC Deal Flow Signal Glossary, https://signals.gitdealflow.com/define/foundation-model.
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